副词性从句

副词性从句的构造跟名词性从句类似，但是用法上有很大不同。名词性从句在主句中作主语，是不可或缺的成分，而副词性从句在主句中作状语，是可有可无的成分。

副词性从句的构造

副词性从句的常用引导词

例句: I was reading a book when she called me.
when也能用于表示动作发生在一个时间段内，这时从句一般是使用进行时。
例句: I was listening to music when she was doing her homework. when一般用于表示动作发生的时间点，从句的谓语动词一般是短暂动作。
while一般用于表示动作发生在一个时间段内，从句的谓语动词通常是延续动作。
例句: She listened to music while doing her homework.
例句: I was listening to music when she was doing her homework.
“一直到”，从句的谓语动词一般是延续动作。
例句: We waited until he arrived.
如果是短暂动作，则用否定
例句: I didn't leave until he called me.

until

例句: This is the place where we first met.
例句: We waited until he arrived. 如果是短暂动作，则用否定
例句: She stayed at home because it was raining.
例句: Since you are here, let's start the meeting. 连接词有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等。
例句: As it was late, we decided to go home.

地点状语从句

例句: He couldn't attend the meeting, for he was ill. where表示“在...地方”，引导地点状语从句，通常是where+陈述句。
例句: This is the place where we first met.
例句: He spoke slowly so that everyone could understand.

原因状语从句

例句: She left early in order that she might catch the train. 所说明的原因往往是不为人所知或者最令人感星期的，只有它能用来回答why的提问，也只有它能被强调词only， just 或 perhaps 所修饰。
例句: He spoke softly for fear that he might wake the baby.

since

表示已知的事实或不需要强调的原因，常译为”既然“。

例句: He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
例句: It was such a hot day that we decided to go swimming. 跟since差不多，所说明的原因已为人所知。
例句: As it was late, we decided to go home.
例句: If it rains, we will stay indoors.

for

例句: We won't go out unless the weather improves.
例句: He couldn't attend the meeting, for he was ill.
例句: Although it was raining, we went for a walk.

so that

so that表示“为了...”，引导目的状语从句，常用于表示意图或目的。

例句: She is as tall as her brother.

in order that

例句: He is not so smart as his sister.
例句: She left early in order that she might catch the train.
例句: He runs faster than I do. for fear that表示“以免...”，引导目的状语从句，常用于表示担心或害怕某事发生。
例句: He spoke softly for fear that he might wake the baby.
例句: She sings as her mother does.

结果状语从句

例句: He talks as if he knows everything. so...that表示“如此...以至于...”，引导结果状语从句。
例句: He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
例句: As the years passed, he became more experienced. such...that表示“如此的...以至于...”，引导结果状语从句。
例句: She was studying while listening to music.
例句: He smiled when he saw her.
例句: If it rains, we will stay indoors.

unless

unless表示“除非...”，引导条件状语从句。

例句: We won't go out unless the weather improves.

让步状语从句

although / though / even though

although / though / even though表示“虽然...”，引导让步状语从句。

例句: Although it was raining, we went for a walk.

比较状语从句

as...as

as...as表示“和...一样...”，引导比较状语从句。

例句: She is as tall as her brother.

so...as

so...as表示“不如...”，引导比较状语从句，常用于否定句。

例句: He is not so smart as his sister.

than

than表示“比...”，引导比较状语从句。

例句: He runs faster than I do.

方式状语从句

as

as表示“像...一样”，引导方式状语从句。

例句: She sings as her mother does.

as if / as though

as if / as though表示“好像...似的”，引导方式状语从句，常用于虚拟语气。

例句: He talks as if he knows everything.

伴随状语从句

as

as表示“随着...的发生”，引导伴随状语从句。

例句: As the years passed, he became more experienced.

while

while表示“在...的同时”，引导伴随状语从句。

例句: She was studying while listening to music.

when

when表示“当...的时候”，引导伴随状语从句。

例句: He smiled when he saw her.